Type-writing machine.



. J. FBLBEL. TYPE WRITING MACHINE. APPLICATION FILED JULY 21, 1906.

Patented 1 611.21, 1911.

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J. FELBEL.

TYPE WRITING MACHINE. APPL IUATIONIILED JULY 21, 1906.

Patented Feb. 21, 1911.

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Patented Feb. 21, 1911.

UNITED STATES ATEN OFFICE.

JACOB FELBEL, OF NEW YORK, N. Y., ASSIGNOR '10 UNION TYPEWRITER. COMPANY, OF JERSEY CITY, NEW JERSEY, A CORPORATION NEW JERSEY.

TYPE-WRITING MACHINE.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Application filed July 21, 1906.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, JAooB FELBEL, citizen of the United States, and resident of the borough of Manhattan, city of New York, in the county of New York and State of New York, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in TypeVVriting Machines, of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to typewriting machines and more particularly to the type actions of such machines.

One object of my invention is to provide a type action having a light touch.

Another object of my invention is to provide type actions in which there is a uniform leverage, a uniform dip of the keys and a uniform touch throughout the system.

Another object of my invention is to provide a construction in which all torsional strain of the type actions at the sides of the system is avoided.

A further object of my invention is to provide a type action having but a slight resistance to the initial key depression and one in which the type bar is, gradually accelerated as it swings to the printing point.

To the above and other ends which will hereinafter appear my invention consists in the features of construction, arrangements of parts and combinations of devices to be hereinafter described and particularly pointed out in the appended claims.

In the accompanying drawings wherein like reference characters indicate corresponding parts in the different views, Figure 1 is a vertical central front to rear sectional view of a suflicient number of parts of one form of typewriting machine to illustrate my invention. Fig. 2 is a vertical transverse sectional view of the same taken on the line ac00 of Fig. 1 and looking in the direction of the arrow at said line. Fig. 3 is a fragmentary horizontal sectional view showing one-half of the system of key levers, the section being taken just above the key levers.

The frame of the machine comprises a base 1, corner posts 2 and a top plate 3. A platen 4 is mounted ll 11.31 suitable carriage (not shown) which is adapted to travel from side to side ofthe; machine in the usual manner. Key leverso are pivoted-on a pivot rod 6 supported at-its-ends in the base of the machine and each key lever is provided with a restoring spring 7 and a finger key 8. A series of segmentally arranged up- \vardly and rearwardly striking type bars 9 are pivoted at 10 on a type bar segment 11 which is grooved or slotted at 12 to receive the type bars. The type bar segment has grooved guides 11 at its sides and cooperating therewith are fixed guides 11 secured to the base of the machine. In the grooves of the guides are anti-friction balls or rollers 11*, which enable the type bar segment to be shifted vertically to change its case position. The type bars are sup- 7 ported at their forward ends by a segmental bar 13 having a pad 14 on which the type bars rest. The support 13 is attached to the segment by rods 15. Each type bar is pivotally connected at 16 to a rearwardly extending draw link 17, the rear end of each draw link being pivotallyconnected at 18 to the upper end of an upright sublever 19 of the first order which is pivoted at 20 to a hanger 21 arranged in a slot in a segment 22 and secured in place by a screw 23. The various hangers 21 are adapted to be adjusted fore and aft of the machine. The lower end of each sub-lever 19 is pivoted at 24: to the rearwardly extending end of a substantially horizontally disposed toggle comprising two links 26 and 27 arranged end to end and pivotally connected at their adjacent ends by a member 28, as indicated at 29 and 30. The forward end of each toggle link 27 is pivoted at 31 to a hanger 32 which is seated in a slot 32 in an upright segment 33 and held in place by a screw 3 1, in order that the hanger may be ad usted fore and aft of the machine. A link 35 is pivoted at 36 to the member or connector 28, the lower end of said link being pivoted at 37 to the key lever 5.

A restoring spring 38 is connected to each type bar, one end of the spring being attached to the type bar at 39 and the other end of the spring being connected at 10 to the type bar segment. By reason of the links 17, an up and down shifting movement of the type bar segment 11 may take place without disturbing the other actuating parts of the various type actions.

From an inspection of Fig. 2 it will be observed that the parallel, upright sub-levers 19 are of substantially uniform length throughout the system and are pivoted to their.

hangers at progressively greater elevations from the center to the sides of the system; that the upper ends of the sub-levers are arranged in an are situated in a vertical plane extending transversely of the machine and that the arc in which the upper ends of the sub-levers are arranged is substantially co-extensive with the arc in which the pivot points 16 are situated so that a direct or straight line pull fore and aft of the machine is exerted upon each type bar by its associated sub-lever. It will also be seen that the corresponding parts of the several sublevers and the corresponding parts of the several toggles are all arranged in arcs in transverse vertical planes, and that all of said arcs are substantially similar to and coextensive with that in which the pivot points 16 are situated, and that the width of the system of links 35 is substantially equal to the length of the chord of, each of said arcs.

As shown in Fig. 3, the key levers- 5 are fanned in toward the middle of the machine in such fashion as to bring the point in each key lever at which its link 35 is connected thereto, into substantially the -same fore and aft vertical plane as the pivot point 16 of the corresponding type bar. Each key lever near the sides of the system is so bent as to bring this point substantially on a straight line joining the key and the pivot of the lever. The links 35 which connect the key levers with the toggles extend directly down from the toggles to the key levers and make connection therewith in a single transverse plane. The links 35, as will be seen from an inspection of Fig. 2, are of progressively greater length from the center to the sides of the system, so as to make connection with the system of segmentally arranged toggles. It will also be seen from an inspection of Fig. 2 that the system of type bars, the system of parallel sub-levers, the system of toggles, the system of links 35 and the points of connection between said links and the key lovers are all of substantially the same widths, whereas, the outward fanning at the forward ends of the key levers compensates for the difference in width between the system of type bars and the key board of the machine. By this arrangement all torsional strain on the type actionsat the side of the machine is avoided. The toggle, the sublever, and the link 17 connected with each type bar, are all substantially in a single fore and aft vertical plane. The pivotal point of each key lever, its finger key and the point of connection of the associated link 35 with the key lever are in a single plane and this plane intersects the plane of movement of the associated toggle, its sub lever 19 and actuating link 17, and the link 35 is at the line of intersection of the two planes. In the normal position of the parts the elements 26 and 27 of each toggle are arranged approximately in a straight line fore and aft of the machine and the depression of a key effects a break of the toggle from the full line position shown in Fig. l to the position indicated in dotted lines, thereby producing a forward pull on the lower end of the associated sub-lever which pulls the link 17 toward the rear of the machine and turns the type bar on its pivot to the printing position.

The construction is such that the key levers of the system have a uniform extent of angular movement; that there is substantially a uniform extent of dip of the keys, a substantially uniform leverage and a substantially uniform touch throughout the system is provided and yet the construction is such as to afford the least resistance to the actuation of a key at the initial portion of a key stroke and to effect a gradual acceleration of the type bar in its movement to the printing position.

Various changes may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of my-invention.

lVhat I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is

1. In a typewriting machine, the combination of a series of type bars; a series of sublevers for actuating the type bars, a series of toggles for actuating the sublevers, a series of key levers, and a series of links connecting said key levers with said toggles, the construction and arrangement being such that a uniform angular movement of the key levers, a. substantially uniform touch and a substantially uniform leverage are provided throughout the system.

2. In a typewriting machine, the combina' tion of a series of type bars, a series of sublevers for actuating the type bars, a series of toggles for actuating the sub-levers, a series of key-levers, and a series of links connecting said key levers with said toggles, the construction and arrangement being such that each type bar is gradually accelerated as it swings to the printing position.

3. In a typewriting machine, the combination of a series of type bars, a series of sub-levers for actuating the type bars, a series of toggles for actuating the sub-levers, a series of key levers, and a series of links connecting said key levers with said toggles, the construction and arrangement being such that a uniform angular movement of the key levers, a substantially uniform dip of the keys, a substantially uniform touch and a substantially uniform leverage are provided throughout the system, and such that the type bars are gradually accelerated as they swing to printing position. i

4:. In a typewriting machine, the combination of two substantially horizontally disposed links arranged end to end and oper- 'atively connected, one end of one link being anchored, a sub-lever connected to one end of the other link, a type bar connected to said sub-lever, and a key lever connected with said links.

5. In a typewriting machine, the combination of horizontally disposed links arranged end to end and operatively connected at their adjacent ends, one end of one of said links being pivoted to a fixed part of the machine, an upright sub-lever to which one end of the other link is connected, an upwardly and rearwardly swinging type bar connected with said sub-lever, and a key lever operatively connected with the links.

6. In a typewriting machine, the combination of horizontally disposed links arranged end to end and operatively connected at their adjacent ends, one end of one of said links being pivoted to a fixed part of the machine, an upright sub-lever to which one end of the other link is connected, an upwardly and rearwardly swinging type bar connected with said sub-lever, and a key lever connected with the links where they are operatively connected together.

7. In a typewriting machine, the combination of a system of substantially horizontally disposed toggles, a system of sublevers, one connected with each toggle, a type bar connected with each sub-lever, and a key lever operatively connected with each toggle.

8. In a frontstrike typewriting machine, the combination of a system of substantially horizontally disposed toggle links, a system of upright sub-levers, one connected with each set of toggle links, an upwardly and rear'wardly striking type bar connected with each sub-lever, and a key lever connected with each set of toggle links.

9. In a typewriting machine, the combination of asystem of toggle links, a system of sub-levers of uniform length, one connected with each set of toggle links, a type bar connected with each sub-lever, and a key connected with each set of toggle links for breaking the toggle to effect an actuation of the associated type bar.

10. In a front-strike typewriting machine, the combination of a system of segmentally arranged upwardly and rearwardly striking type bars, a system of upright sub-levers pivoted at progressively greater elevations as the sides of the system are approached, means connecting said upright sub-levers with said type bars, a system of toggles connected with said sub-levers, and key levers for breaking said toggles and actuating said type bars. i

11. In a front-strike typewriting machine, the combination of a system of segmentally arranged upwardly and rearwardly striking pivot-ed type bars, a system of upright sub-levers pivoted at progressively greater elevations as the sides of the system are approached, the upper ends of said sub-levers being in an arc that is substantially coextensive with the arc in which the type bars are situated, means connecting the upper ends of said upright sub-levers with said type bars, a system of toggles connected with the lower ends of said sub-levers, keys, and key actuated means operatively connected with said toggles for breaking said toggles and thereby actuating said type bars.

12. In a front-strike typewriting machine, the combination of a system of segmentally arranged upwardly and rearwardly striking pivoted type bars, a system of upright sublevers, the upper ends of said sub-levers being in an are that is substantially co-extensive with the arc in which the type bars are situated, means connecting the upper ends of said upright sub-levers with said type bars, a system of substantially horizontally disposed toggles connected with the lower ends of said sub-levers, the members of each of the toggles being substantially alined when the parts are in normal position, and key levers connected with said toggles.

13. In a'frontstrike typewriting machine, the combination of a system of segmentally arranged upwardly and rearwardly striking pivoted type bars, a system of upright sublevers of the first order and of a substantially uniform length pivoted in the rear of the type bars, links connecting the upper ends of said sub-levers with the type bars, a system of toggles, each toggle being connected with one of said sub-levers at the lower end thereof, and keys for actuating said toggles.

14:. In a front-strike typewriting machine, the combination of a system of segmentally arranged upwardly and rearwardly striking pivoted type bars, a system of upright sublevers of the first order pivoted in the rear of the type bars at progressively higher elevations from the center to the sides of the system, the upper ends of said sub-levers being arranged in an are that is substantially co-extensive with the arc in which the type bars are situated, means connecting the up per ends of said sub-levers with the type bars, a system of toggles, one of said toggles being connected with each of said sub-levers at the lower end thereof, keys, and key actuated means operatively connected with said toggles.

15. In a typewriting machine, the combination of a system of substantially horizontally disposed segmentally arranged toggles, a system of sub-levers connected with said toggles, the ends of said sub-levers which are connected with said toggles being segmentally arranged to correspond to the segmental arrangement of the toggles, a system of type bars connected with said sub-levers and a system of finger keys connected with said toggles.

16. In a front-strike typewriting machine, the combination of a system of substantially horizontally disposed segmentally arranged toggles that extend fore and aft of the machine, a system of upright sub-levers connected with said toggles, a system of upwardly and rearwardly striking type bars connected with said sub-levers, and a system of keys operatively connected with said togles. g 17. In a front-strike typewriting machine, the combination of a system of substantially horizontally disposed segmentally arranged toggle links that extend fore and aft of the machine, a system of upright sub-levers of substantially uniform length which are arranged in arcs at the upper and lower ends and which are connected with said toggle links, a system of upwardly and rearwardly striking type bars connected with said sublevers at the upper ends thereof, and a system of key levers connected with said toggle links.

18. In a front-strike typewriting machine, the combination of a system of upwardly and rearwardly striking segmentally arranged type bars, a system of substantially horizontally disposed toggles that extend fore and aft of the machine, a system of upright sub-levers of the first class, said sublevers being adapted to vibrate fore and aft of the machine and pivoted at progressively greater heights from the center to the sides of the system, the lower ends of said sublevers being connected with said toggles, means connecting the upper ends of said sub-levers with said type bars, and key levers, each connected with a toggle.

19. In a front-strike typewriting machine, the combination of a system of upwardly and rearwardly striking segmentally arranged type bars, a system of substantially horizontally disposed toggle links that are arranged in an arc and extend fore and aft of the machine, a system of upright sublevers of the first class, said sub-levers being of substantially uniform length and adapted to vibrate fore and aft of the machine and pivoted at progressively greater heights from the center to the sides of the system, the lower ends of said sub-levers being c011- nected with said toggle links, means connecting the upper ends of said sub-levers with said type bars, and key levers, each operatively connected with a pair of said toggle links.

20. In a front-strike typewriting machine, the combination of a system of upwardly and rearwardly striking. segmentally arranged type bars, a system of substantially horizontally disposed toggle links that are arranged in an arc and extend fore and aft of the machine and are anchored at the forward ends thereof, a system of upright sublevers of the first class, said sub-levers being of substantially uniform length and adapted to vibrate fore and aft of the machine and pivoted at progressively greater heights from the center to the sides of the system, so that the ends of the sub-levers are arranged in two arcs, the upper are being substantially co-extensive with the are in which said type bars are pivoted, the lower ends of said sub-levers being connected with said toggle links, links connecting the upper ends of said sub-levers with said type bars, and key levers, each operatively connected with a pair of said toggle links.

21. In a typewriting machine, the combination of a system of type bars arranged in an are, a system of sub-levers, the ends of which are arranged in arcs that curve upwardly from the centers thereof, a system of toggle links arranged in an are that curves upwardly from the center, one end of each set of toggle links being connected to a fixed part of the machine and the other end thereof being connected with a sub-lever, means connecting said sub-levers with said type bars, and keys for breaking the toggle to actuate the type bars.

22. In a typewriting machine, the combination of a system of type bars arranged in an are, a system of sub-levers, the ends and pivots of which are arranged in arcs, a system of toggle links arranged in an arc, the arc in which the type bars are arranged, the arc in which the sub-levers are pivoted, the arcs in which the ends of the sub-levers are situated and the arc in which the toggle links are situated having substantially coextensive chords, one end of each set of toggle links being connected to a fixed part of the machine and the other end thereof being connected with a sub-lever, means for connecting said sub-levers with said type bars, itlnil key levers connected with said toggle 23. In a front-strike typewriting machine, the combination of a system of upwardly and rearwardly striking type bars arranged in an are, a system of upright sub-levers of the first order which vibrate fore and aft of the machine, the ends and pivots of said sublevers being arranged in arcs, a system of substantially horizontally disposed toggle links arranged in an arc and extending fore and aft of the machine, all of said arcs having substantially co-extensive chords, one end of each set of toggle links being connected to a fixed part of the machine and the other end thereof being connected with a sub-lever, links extending fore and aft of the machine and connecting said sub-levers with said type bars, and key levers connected with said toggle links.

24. In a typewriting machine, the combination of a segment, a series of sub-levers carried by said segment, a second segment, a system of toggle links, each pair of said links being connected at one end to said second segment and at the opposite end to a sub-lever, a type bar segment, a system of type bars carried by said type bar segment, means connecting said type bars and sublevers, and key actuated means for breaking the toggles to actuate said type bars.

25. In a typewriting machine, the comb-ination of a shiftable segment, a type bar carried thereby and provided with a plurality of types, a key, and intermediate connections between said key and type bar, said connections comprising toggle links and means whereby the shifting of the segment may be effected without moving certain portions of said connections.

26. In a typewriting machine, the combination of a shiftable type bar segment, a series of type bars carried thereby and each having a plurality of types, a series of sublevers for actuating the type-bars, a series of toggles for actuating the sub-levers, and a series of keys for actuating said toggles.

27. In a typewriting machine, the combi nation of a shiftable type bar segment, a series of type bars carried thereby, each of said type bars having a plurality of types thereon, a series of sub-levers for actuating the type bars, a series of toggles for actuat ing the sub-levers, and a series of keys for actuating said toggles, the arrangement being such that each type bar is gradually accelerated as it swings to the printing position.

28. In a typewriting machine, the combition of a shiftable type bar segment, a series of type bars carried thereby and each provided with a plurality of types, a series of sub-levers for actuating the type bars, a series of toggles for actuating the sub-levers, a series of key-levers, and a series of links for connecting said key levers with said toggles, the construction and arrangement being such that a uniform angular movement of the key levers, a substantially uniform dip of the keys, and a substantially uniform leverage are provided throughout the system and said type bars are gradually accelerated as they swing to the printing position.

29. In a typewriting machine, the combination of a shiftable type bar segment, two links arranged end to end and operatively connected, one end of one link being anchored, a sub-lever connected to one end of the other link, a type bar, a link between said sub-lever and type bar, and a key operatively connected with said first mentioned links.

30. In a typewriting machine, the combination of a substantially vertical shiftable type bar segment, two substantially horizontally disposed links arranged end to end and operatively connected, one end of one link being anchored, a sub-lever connected to one end of the other link, a type bar, a substantially horizontally disposed link connecting said sub-lever and type bar and a key operatively connected to said first mentioned links.

Signed at the borough of Manhattan, city of New York, in the county of New York and State of New York, this 5th day of July, A. D. 1906.

JACOB FELBEL.

Witnesses E. M. WELLS, J. B. Dnnvns. 

